vocabulary around the house

Home sweet home :)
Okay now I will explain you about definition of house and vocabulary around the house. Let's check this out :)


Definition of house :


as Nouns

• a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families
• the members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishments

• the members of a religious community living together
• the audience gathered together in a theatre or cinema
• an official assembly having legislative powers
• aristocratic family line

• play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults

          (astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

• the management of a gambling house or casino
• a social unit living together
• a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented
• a building in which something is sheltered or located

as Verbs

• contain or cover
• provide housing for

attic | bathroom | bedroom | kitchen | living room

Build Up

Other Rooms

Attic	People store things in the attic.
Ballroom	A room in stately homes where rich people dance and concerts are held.
Box Room	A small room used for storage.
Cellar	Underneath the house.
Cloakroom	A small room where people put their coats.
Conservatory	A greenhouse attached to a house for the display of plants.
Dining Room	A room where people eat (see eating at home).
Drawing Room	A room in stately homes where rich people entertain.
Games Room	A room in large houses where games are played.
Hall	The entrance passage to a house.
Larder	A small room used for the storage of food.
Library	A room where books are kept.
Lounge	Another name for living room.
Music Room	A room where people play music.
Office	A room where people work.
Pantry	A small room used to store kitchen and dining items.
Parlour	Old fashioned word for living room.
Sitting Room	Another name for living room.
Spare Room/ Guest Room	A room where guests sleep.
Toilet	A room where people go to the toilet (often known as WC)
Utility Room	A room where appliances such as washing machines are used.

 

Things you may find around the house

light bulb(s)	plug(s)	socket(s)	torch(es)
ceiling light(s)	lamp(s)	curtain(s)	lock(s)
key(s)	shelf (shelves)	(tele)phone(s)	box(es)
plug(s)	battery (batteries)	photo(graph)(s)

Naturally Speaking

ceiling | door | floor | wall | window

Dialogue

Here is a conversation between Mrs Smith (Joan) and husband Steve.

It's Saturday and Joan and Steve are decorating.
Joan	Steve, you missed a bit.
Steve	Where?
Joan	Here, on the wall just by the window, you can see a patch of white.
Steve	Oh yes, I see it. It's difficult in this light.
Joan	I know, well at least we have finished this room, only five more to go.
Steve	Are you sure you want to put wallpaper up in the lounge?
Joan	Yes, but don't worry, I'm really good at wallpapering. I just wish that John would decide on what he wants his room doing in.
Steve	I know, it's difficult when you're a boy. At least he's grown out of Star Wars, I keep thinking he'll ask for red and black or something equally gruesome.
Joan	Yes, but it is his room. I'm glad we decided not to move though. Maybe we should think about building an extension to the kitchen instead.
Steve	One thing at a time please! Lets get this decorating over and done with first.
Joan	Ha! Oh by the way you missed a bit by the door too!
Steve	Hmmm, thanks. Here's a brush.

invitation (written)

Writing an Invitation Letter

An invitation letter serves the purpose of inviting a guest to a party, an event or a celebration while conveying more information than a traditional invitations card. It serves two purposes; one, to invite the individual to the event and two, to ensure that the person receiving the letter is going to attend.

There are two tenses used within the invitation letter, the present and the future. The present tense conveys information about the event and the future tense ensures the guest is going to attend.

Here's How:
1. Names of party hosts or sponsoring organization.
2. Type of event (birthday party, business networking meeting, etc.).
3. Place.
4. Date.
5. Time.
6. RSVP date and phone number.
7. Any special dress requirements from black-tie to bathing suits.
8. Rain date (if any).
9. Be specific about who is invited, whether address only, with guest, or with spouse and children.

Tips:
1. Always send written invitations for formal events such as business gatherings, formal dinners, and special occasions like showers, weddings or events honoring someone.
2. If guests are not from your local area, include a map to location of event.
3. Send anywhere from 8 - 2 weeks in advance depending on formality of occasion. Weddings require the longest lead-time; casual dinners and brunches require the least.
4. Offerins invitation
->Would you like to come to the restaurant this evening?
->Will you join us?
->Would you care to have dinner with us tonight?
->Could you come to a party at my place tomorrow?
->I wander whether you would care to come on a picnic with us next week?
5. Accepting invitation
->Yes,I’d love very much.
->Thank you.
->Yes,with pleasure.
6. Reffusing
->If you don’t mind,i’d rather not.
->Thank you,i’m busy,may be next time.
->I have got another appointment.
->I’m sorry.
->I’ve lost to work to do.

EXAMPLE :
Invitation Verbal
Example:
We want to invite you to come to our house
Can you come to my restaurant?
Are you free tonight?
Accepting (menerima)
I like that
That sounds good
Thank you for inviting

Refusing(menolak)
I like that but I can’t
I’m very sorry for not able to come
Sorry, I’m very busy

Direct & indirect speech

DIRECT SPEECH
Direct speech refers to reproducing another person’s exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (sometimes called quoted speech)


Here what a person says appears within quotation marks ("...") and should be word for word.

For example:
She said, "Today's lesson is on presentations."
or
"Today's lesson is on presentations," she said.


INDIRECT SPEECH
indirect speech reproducing the idea of another person’s words that doesn’t use question mark to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word. Indirect speech is sometimes called reported speech
For example:
Direct speech :"I'm going to the cinema", he said.
Indirect speech : He said he was going to the cinema.


TENSE CHANGE
• When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.
• Note : the reporting verbs that are usually used to report imperative sentence are :Tell , other command , ask , warn , remind

Present simple
Past tense
direct : Vita said “ I eat fried rice”

indirect :Vita said that she ate fried rice.


Past simple


Past perfect

direct : Mother said “ I went to market yesterday”

indirect : Mother said (that) she had gone to market the day before.


Future simple


Past future

direct : Dave said “ I will buy an i-pod next week’

indirect : Dave said (that) he would buy an i-pod the week after


Present continuous


Past continuous

direct : Gama said “ I’m playing football”

indirect : Gama said he was playing football


Past continuous


Past perfect continuous

direct : She said “ I was teaching earlier”

indirect : She said she had been teaching earlier


when we want to report what someone said , wedon’t usually repeat their exact words , we use our words , we can use reporting words
such as tell say as follow by “that clause”

example :
my mother said that she got up at 4 o’clock
In time expression and pronouns

preposition in, on, at

Time Prepositions In - On - At
Time prepositions are used to clarity what time an event happened or will happen. Time prepositions are used nouns and pronouns. Prepositions usually come before nouns or pronouns. Prepositions never come before a verb.

We use at to designate specific times.The train is due at 12:15 p.m.

We use on to designate days and dates.
My brother is coming on Monday.
We're having a party on the Fourth of July.

We use in for nonspecific times during a day, a month, a season, or a year.
She likes to jog in the morning.
It's too cold in winter to run outside.
He started the job in 1971.
He's going to quit in August.

IMPORTANT: In English we say:

• in the morning -because it is considered a period of time
• in the afternoon
• in the evening
• at night -

Note: We say in the morning, in the afternoon, or in the evening BUT we say 'at night'

Example
Tyler : When is the wedding?
Ally : It’s in June.
Tyler : What day?
Ally : It’s on Saturday, the 25th.
Tyler : What time?
Ally : It starts at 6:00.

Place Prepositions In - At - On
What are place prepositions?
Place prepositions , are prepositions that are used to describe the place or position of all types of nouns. It is common for the preposition to be placed before the noun. When we refer to Place prepositions we usually refer to "in", "at" and "on".

We use at for specific addresses.
Grammar English lives at 55 Boretz Road in Durham.

We use on to designate names of streets, avenues, etc.
Her house is on Boretz Road.

And we use in for the names of land-areas (towns, counties, states, countries, and continents).
She lives in Durham.
Durham is in Windham County.
Windham County is in Connecticut.

IMPORTANT: In English we say:

• on the island
•  in the city/country side
•  in the mountains - except when you mean that something or someone is physically on the mountain.
•  at the office

Example
Grandy: Where’s your office?
Khanding : In Taipei, Taiwan.
Grandy: Really? What part of Taipei?
Khanding : It’s on Chung Shan North Road.
Grandy: I know that area. Where exactly is it?
Khanding : It’s at 105 Chung Shan North Road, next to the bookstore.

Sample sentences
• I met my wife at the theater. (while watching a movie)
• I spilled my drink in the theater (on the floor of the building)
• She works at the library on Wednesdays.
• She found a rare coin in the library (building).
• Dr. Jones works at the hospital every day.
• John was in the hospital for a week with a broken leg.

noun phrases

Noun phrases? hmm, what's that?

I think we must start it from the base. Okay first we will begin from noun then phrases to know what it is noun phrases

What is Noun?
noun is a word that names a person, animal, place, thing, idea, or concept, or anything considered as noun
Remember that...
There are more nouns in the English Language than any other kind of words
.


see the Noun examples
• Persons: girl, boy, instructor, student, Mr. Smith, Peter, president
• Animals: dog, cat, shark, hamster, fish, bear, flea
• Places: gym, store, school, Lake Minnetonka, Minnesota, village, Europe
• Things: computer, pen, notebook, mailbox, bush, tree, cornflakes
• Ideas: liberty, panic, attention, knowledge, compassion, worship


The Functions of Nouns in Sentences
1.Subject of the sentence
2.Predicate Noun (also Predicate Nominative or Subjective Complement)
3. Appositive (noun in apposition)
4. Direct object of a verb
5. Indirect object of a verb
6. Object of the preposition
7. Object Complement (Objective Complement)

Gerunds can also be classified as noun
For example:
I like swimming
The word ‘swimming’ is a gerund

Phrases
• A phrase is a group of related words that lacks both a subject and a predicate. Because it lacks a subject and a predicate it cannot act as a sentence.

 

So, we can conclude that Noun phrases is
• A noun phrase consists of a pronoun or noun with any associated modifiers, including adjectives, adjective phrases, and other nouns in the possessive case.
• Like a noun, a noun phrase can act as a subject, as the object of a verb or verbal, as a subject or object complement, or as the object of a preposition, as in the following ...
 

examples:
• subject
Small children often insist that they can do it by themselves.
More examples:
• object of a verb
They have found Eugene's goal.
• object of a preposition
The arctic explorers were caught unawares by the spring break up.
• subject complement
Frankenstein is the name of the scientist not the monster.
• object complement
I consider Loki my favourite cat.

finite verb

Definition of finite verb :
a verb that has a subject, this means that it can be the main verbs in a sentences. It shows tense (past/present, etc) or number (singular/plural), A finite verb makes an assertion or expresses a state of being and can stand by itself as the main verb of a sentence.



Example of finite verb :

• I cook, she reads, Anto went

• Dina has eaten when Ria come in, By itself, the verb form eaten is called a non-finite verb When the auxiliary has and the non-finite verb eaten are put together, they make up a finite verb form has eaten.

• Tamara was walking. Walking is non-finite and was is to be. When they are put together, they make up finite form was walking

Definition of non-finite verb :
a verb has no subject, tense, or number. The only finite verb forms are the infinitive (indicated by to), the gerund or the participle (present/past), nonfinite verbs must ordinarily combine with a modal , an auxiliary verb, or the infinitival particle to.


Example of nonfinite verb

Verbs ending in -ing. These are called present participles, they were cooking in Sinta’s house.
This non-finite verb form end in -ed; many also end in en. These are called past participles. I have written my letter ( the past participle written is non-finite and can’t be the main verb).
Talking is the children’s favorite pastime. ( talking is a gerund, verb to be noun)
I can’t afford to go out tonight

The infinitive can have the following forms:

The perfect infinitive

to have + past participle

For example: to have broken, to have seen, to have saved.
This form is most commonly found in Type 3 conditional sentences, using the conditional perfect.

For example:

• If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake.
• Someone must have broken the window and climbed in.
• I would like to have seen the Taj Mahal when I was in India.
• He pretended to have seen the film.
• If I'd seen the ball I would have caught it.

asking if someone remembers or not

Asking if someone remembers or not

Formal expressions

• I wonder if you remember ….
• You remember ...., don’t you?
• You haven’t forgotten ...., have you?
• Don’t you remember ....?
• Do you happen to remember it now?

Ways to respond

• Let me think, yes, I remember.
• I remember especially the scenery.
• I’ll never forget that.
• I’ll always remember.
• I can remember it clearly.

Informal expressions

• Remember the old house we used to live in?
• Remember that?
• I’m sorry, I don’t remember.

Ways to respond

• Hold on. Yes, got it!
• I know ….
• It’s coming back to me now.

Response if you forget:

• Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.
• I’m afraid I forget.
• I really can’t remember.
• I’m afraid I have no memory of him.
• Err, let me think. No, it’s gone.
• Sorry, it slipped off my mind.

asking if someone remembers or not

Asking Information There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English.

The use of WH-Questions
What
When
Where
Why
Who
How



Combined with to be
What is ……. Your name?
When was ……. He born?
Where are ………. The tickets?
Why were …………. They here?
Who are ……….. Those people?
How is ……. Helen?

Combined with auxiliary verbs or Modals
What do …………
When did …………
Where shall ……..
Why does ……..
Who might ……
How could …….
etc

Asking for information:
I’d like to know about this novel
I’m interested in the characters
Could you tell me more about it?
Do you know the plot?
Could you find out the solution?
Could I ask about the conflict?
Do you happen to know the writer?
Etc.

Guessing:
I’d say … I know where to find the book
It could be … somewhere in the library
Perhaps it’s … on the top of the shelf
I think it’s … not there anymore
It looks like … someone has taken the book
It’s difficult to say, but I’d guess …
It’s being borrowed by a student

Here are some of the most common:
· Could you tell me…?
· Do you know…?
· Do you happen to know…?
· I’d like to know…
· Could you find out…?
· I’m interested in…
· I’m looking for...

These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone:
· I’m calling to find out…
· I’m calling about…

Here are some sample phrases and sentences for asking information in English

1. What is this? This is a table
2. What is that? That is a chair.
3. What’s this? It’s a pen.
4. What’s that? It’s an apple.
5. What are these? These are pencils.
6. What are those? Those are books.
7. Where is Mr. King? He is over there.
8. Where is Ms. Knight? She’s (right) here.
9. Where’s Johnny? He’s in the house.
10. When’s the movie? It’s at 9:00.
11. When’s lunch? Lunch is at noon.
12. How is the food? It’s delicious.


Information about company

What does your company do?
What is your specialty?
What do you specialize in?
What is your main line of business?

Information about products

Could you give me some (more) information on this?
What can you tell me about this (product)?
Tell me about this one/model.

Information about Price

What are you asking for this?
What does this sell for?
How much is it?
How much does it run?

offering

Definition of Offering :

• The act of making an offer.
• Something, such as stock, that is offered.
• A presentation made to a deity as an act of religious worship or sacrifice; an oblation.
• A contribution or gift, especially one made at a religious service.

Offering to older people:

• Would you like a cup of coffee, Mr. Green?
• Should I get you a bottle of water?
• Could I offer you a glass of lemonade, Mrs. Lina?
• Would you care for some salad ?

Offering to friends:

• Want some?
• Have some.
• Chocolate?
• Glass of lemonade?
• Grab some for yourself.
• Would you like to have a pancake?
• Why don’t you have some lemonade?
• What can I get for you?
• What will you have?

Accepting an offer:

• Thank you
• Yes, please
• I’d like it very much
• Thank you, I would
• That would be very nice

Declining an offer:

• No, thanks.
• No, I really won’t. Thank you.
• Not for me, thanks.
• No, thanks. I’m not hungry.

descriptive text

I previously had explained you about narrative text and recount text. Now I will continue the next text about descriptive text

Descriptive text is a text which say what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.


The Generic Structure of Descriptive Text

• Identification to identifying the phenomenon to be described.

• Description to describing the phenomenon in parts, qualities, or/and characteristics.

The Language Features of Descriptive Text

The use of adjectives and compound adjectives.
example:
- a five hundred seated football stadium.
- a beautiful ancient Roman opera house.

The use of Linking Verbs/ relating verbs.
example :
- The temple is so magnificent.
- The temple consists of five terraces.

The use of Simple Present Tense
example. :
- The museum houses hundreds of Greek Statues.
- The hotel provides 450 rooms and a large swimming pool.

The use of degree of comparison
example :
- The weather in Jakarta is hotter than Bandung.
- Bogor has the same weather as Ungaran.

Example of descriptive text:

Bandengan Beach

Bandengan Beach or Tirta Samudra Beach is the famous beach in jepara. the place is very beautiful and romantic. people around Jepara, Kudus, Demak knows this place.

This place is located 7 kilometers north of Jepara city center. The way to get there is very easy. Just follow the traffic sign and you will find it. From the town square, follow the road to Bangsri then turn left when reached kuwasen village. You can take public transportation or by your own vehicle.

The white sandy beach which has pure water is good for swimming. The beach is save enough for swimming because the beach is shallow and the wave is not so big. This place is more beautiful at dusk. We can see the beautiful sunset with our family or friends.

In this location, we can sit and relax on the shelter while enjoy the natural beach breezy wind. It also has large pandan tree field. It is suitable for youngster activities such as camping.

If we want to sail, we can rent the traditional boat owned by local people. We can make voyage around the beach or we can go to pulau panjang (panjang island). Some time we can find banana boat and jet ski for rent.

In this place we can find many traditional footstalls. We can order traditional foods sold by the trader such as roasted fish, crab, boiled shell. Pindang srani is one of the delicious food enjoyed by the visitors.

come to the bandengan beach and you will find a paradise on the tips of Muria peninsula

news item

News item is factual text which infroms the readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.
 

Function of news item :
Social function of news items is to infrom readers, listeners or viewers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.
  

Generic structure:
- Newsworthy event(s) : recounts the events in summary form.
- Background event(s) : elaborate what happend , to WHOM, in WHAT circumstance.
- Sources : Comments by participants in, witnesses to and authorities expert on the event.

Significant Granma features:
~ Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline.
~ Generally using Simple Past Tense
~ Use of material priocesses to rettel the event
~ Using Action verbs, ex: run, go, kil, etc
~ Using saying verbs, ex: say, tell
~ Focus on circumstances
~ Use of projecting verbal processes in sources stage.

There an some rules that can help to make newspaper headlines more comprehensible:
1. The passive voice is used without the appropriate from of “be’
2. It is unusual to find complex forms, generally the simple present form is used
3. The present progressive tnese is used, usually to describe something that is changing or
developing,but the auxiliary verb is usually left out.
4. To refer to the future, headlines often use the infinitive
5. Headlines are not always complete sentence

A headline is the text at the top of a newspaper article, indicating the nature of the article
below it.
Read some newspaper headlines below:
1. Michael Jackson’s last album “This is it” will be on the market in November.
2. Rupiah becomes stronger at the end of this week.

introductory it

Now we will continue to introductory it. Do you know that?

Okay, if you don't know about that. Here I will write about it so don't waste any more time let us see soon

What is introductory it?

When the subject is an infinitive phrase, the sentence often begins with it. Instead of saying ‘To find fault with others is easy’, we say, ‘It is easy to find fault with others’. More examples are given below :

When the subject is a clause
When the subject is a clause, the sentence usually begins with it. So instead of saying ‘That he was once a communist is true’, we say, ‘It is true that he was once a communist’.

Example: 

• It does not matter whether he comes or not (Whether he comes or not does not matter)

• It is required that he should pay the fine (That he should pay the fine is required)

• It is clear that he overheard our conversation (That he overheard our conversation is clear)
  

Introductory it with seem, appear and look
Introductory it is also used with seem, appear and look when the subject is an infinitive phrase, a phrase with a gerund in it or a clause.
Example:

• It looked doubtful whether she would come

• It seemed strange that she should behave like that.

• It seems possible that she may quit the job.

Introductory it as an object
It is sometimes used as the object of the verbs think, feel, deem, count, consider etc.
Example:

• Don’t you think it dangerous to drive so carelessly?

• I consider it a privilege to have this opportunity of welcoming you.

• I think it odd that she doesn’t write to me these days.

Introductory it in questions
The introductory it is sometimes used in questions.
Example:

• Who was it that broke the window?

• Why was it that he stole the bread? 

passive voice

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.
Example : My bike was stolen

The rules for forming the passive voice,

(1) The sentence should have Object (Transitive Verb).

(2) Object in the active sentence becomes the subject in passive sentences.

(3) said his work should form the III (Past Participle) preceded by a to be (am, is, are, was, were the resource persons, been). And

(4) The structure of the sentence by tenses.
A. Simple Past Tense
Struktur —> Subject + was/were + Past Participle
Contoh :
(A) Fire destroyed the house. —> (P) The house was destroyed by fire.

B. Simple Present Tense
Stuktur —> Subject + am/is/are + Past Participle
Contoh :
(A) People all over the world speak English. —> (P) English is spoken all over the world.

C. Present Perfect Tense
Struktur —> Subject + have/has been + Past Participle
Contoh :
(A) The students have copied the lesson. —> (P) The lesson has been copied by the students.

D. Present Continuous Tense
Struktur —> Subject + am/is/are + being + Past Participle
Contoh :
(A) She is typing the letter. —> (P) The letter is being typed.

E. Simple Future Tense
Struktur —> Subject + shall/will be + Past Participle
Contoh :
(A) They will sign the contract next week. —> (P) The contract will be signed next week.

F. Passive Voice with Auxiliaries
Struktur —> Subject + aux + be + Past Participle
Contoh :
(A) He must finish the work today. —> (P) The work must be finished today.
(BK)

modals in the past form

Okay guys,
now we will disscuss about modals in the past form

Modals in the past are :
1. Could
2. Would
3. Should
4. Shall


*Could + Verb base
We can use this expression : to offer suggestion or possibilities.
Example :
Nitha : I’m having trouble with math.
Rizki : Why don’t you ask Novita ?
Perhaps she could help you.

*Might + Verb base
Use might to tell possibillities.
Example :
Hera : Why is Rian taking the bus to get home.
Fana : He might get a flat time.

*Would + verb base
Use would for an action that was repeated regulary in the past.
Example :
Bean : What did you usually do on holidays ?
Lien : I would visit my grandparents In the village, but how not anymore.

*Would + Mind + V-ing
Use would to express polite request.
Example :
Mrs. Pupy : Would you mind posting the letter ?
Mhiita : No, Not at all.

*Should + Verb base
Example :
Nisa : Putri , you should go to library now ?
Putri : Okay

surprise & disbelief

SURPRISE : The act of coming upon unawarss or of taking suddenly and with out preparation

To example :

• What a surprise!
• That a surprise!
• Fancy that!
• Oh my god!
• My goodness!

DISBELIEF : To had nut to be true or not to exist

To Express :

• Really?
• What?
• Are you serious?
• You are kidding?

Suprise or Disbelief is an expression that we show/say when we know /hear/see something that rather difficult to believe and surprise or disbelief used to express something that we can't or impossible.

To Express surprise :

- What a surprise!

- That's a surprise

- Well that's very surprising

- Really ?

- What ?

- Are you serious? You must be joking

- You're kidding!

- Fancy That!

- I must say..... surprise me

Surprising amazement of something :

- Fantastic!

- Wonderful

- It's Great!

- It's terrific

- Wow, that's amazing!

- It's very nice

- Impressive

When you got a surprising fact, you can say :

- Do You Know What ?

- Believe it or not ?

- You may not believe it but...

- Can you believe this ?

Respons :

- Really ?

- Are you sure ?

- Are you joking ?

- Where ? Show Me

simple future tense

"Remember will can used for all subject. Shall just used for subject I and we"

(+) Positive

Pattern :

• S + will/shall +  verb₁ + O
• S + To be ( am, is, are ) + going to  + verb₁ + O

Example :

• Students of SMADA will go to Tangkilng next week
• Students of SMADA are going to go to Tangkilng next week

(-) Negative

Pattern :

• S + will/shall + not + verb₁ + O
• S + Tobe ( am, is, are ) + not + going to + verb₁ + O

Example :

• Students of SMADA will not go to Tangkilng next week
  
• Students of SMADA are not going to go to Tangkilng next week

(?) Interrogative

Pattern :

• Will + S + verb1 + O + ?
• To be (am, is, are) + S  + going to + O + ?

Example :

• Will students of SMADA go to Tangkilng next week?
  
• Are students of SMADA going to go to Tangkilng next week?

gratitude, compliment and congratulation

Gratitude, you must know what it is. It is usually marked by "thank you". I'm sure you have ever use it every day

For more details, let's check it out

Gratitude

Gratitude is an expression that we show or say to express grateful feeling to other people, when speaking English, you say “thanks” very often please say “thank you” when people give you something and give you compliment, etc.


Kinds of gratitude expressions are :
- Thank you very much
- Thank you for you help
- I’m really very grateful to you
- You’re welcome
- Don’t mention it
- I want to express my gratitude to (my teacher, my father, etc)

Respond of expressing :
-You are welcome
-Don't mention it
-It was nothing at all
-No problem
- I am glad I could help

Compliment? You must also know what it is. Because, you must often use it in your daily life with your family, friends, boyfriend or girlfriend, etc

Compliment

Compliment is an expression that we show or say to express/give praise. Some people use compliment to “butter up” somebody or to flatter in order to increase good will, for example :
- On his/her general appearance
- If you notice something new about the person’s appearance
- When you visit someone’s house for the first time
- When other people do their best

Kinds of compliment expressions are :
- What a nice dress!
- You look great
- I really must express my admiration for you dance
- Excellent!
- Nice work
- Good Job

Congratulation! You always receive it from someone when you success in doing something. That's all congratulation

Let's check below

Congratulation

Congratulation is an expression that we use the give the congratulation utterance when he/she succeeds in doing something

Kinds of Congratulations are :
- Congratulation
- Congratulations
- Congratulations on your succeeds
- Happy Birthday
- Merry Christmas
- Happy New Your
- Happy Valentine
- Happy Anniversary

A. Giving The Congratulation
- Let me congratulate you
- Good
- That’s great!
- How fortunate
- Pretty Good

B. Replying To The Congratulations
- Thank You
- Thank, I needed that
- That’s very kind of you

C. Surprising
- Oh, it was very interesting! I want to the sea world
- It was fun! Went out with my classmate

Vocabs : Shapes and parts of body

Octagon : Segi delapan

Parallelogram : Jajaran genjang

Trapezoid : Trapesium

Square : Persegi

Sphere : Bola

Triangle : Segitiga

Rectangle : Persegi panjang

Cube : Kubus

Pentagon : Segi lima

Circle : Lingkaran

Oval : Lonjong/Oval

Cylinder : Tabung

 

Neck : Leher

Shoulder : Bahu

Arm : Lengan

Hand : Tangan

Chest : Dada

Leg : Kaki

Knee : Lutut

Ankle : Pergelangan kaki

Foot : Telapak kaki

 

Head : Kepala

Elbow : Siku

Back : Punggung

Bottom : Pantat

Thigh : Paha

Calf : Betis

Heel : Tumit

Procedure text

Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different processes in a sequence of steps


Procedure text also has generic structure, it is

• Goal/aim
• Materials
• Steps

Example of procedure text

How to make sandwich

 

You need (materials) :

• 2 slices of bread
• peanut butter
• a banana
• honey

 What you should do are (steps) :

• Take two slices of bread
• Spread peanut butter
• Cut up a banana onto small slices and put them on one of the slices
• Pour some honey over the bananas Put the other slice of bread on top

greetings

We almost use greetings everyday. So now I will write about greetings for you. Please look carefully ...

Greeting is an act of communication in which people to show attention and make contact with other people


How to greet

• Hello
• Good morning/afternoon/evening
• How are you

How to respond

• Hello
• Good morning/afternoon/evening
• Fine, thanks. And you?

Present tense

Present tense is tense to express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions and wishes


Verbal Sentence

• Positive form (+)
  • I read a book
  
• Negative form (-)
  • I don't read a book
  
• Interrogative form (?)
  • Do I read a book?

Non verbal sentence

• Positive form (+)
  • I am handsome
  
• Negative form (-)
  • I'm not handsome
  
• Interrogative form (?)
  • Am I handsome?

past tense

Past tense is a kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past

• Verbal sentence

(+) I went to school

(-) I didn't go to school

(?) Did I go to school?

• Non Verbal Sentence

(+) I was handsome

(-) I wasn't handsome

(?) Was I handsome?

Past perfect tense

Past perfect tense is a kind of tense to describe an action or event that started in the past and finished in the past too

The formula : (+) Subject + had + V3 + complement (-) Subject + had + not + V3 + complement (?) Had + subject + V3 + complement

example :

(+) We had finished our work

(-) We had not finished our work

(?) Had we finished our work?

advertisment

Advertisment. It's often appears on TV, radio or etc ...

So, I will explain more about advertisment

Advertisement is information for persuading and motivating people so that they will attract to the service and the thing that are offered or informed.

Function of advertisment :

• Promotion
• Communication
• Information

narrative text

arrative text is a text tell about a fantasy story like fable, folktale, myth, legend and etc


The generic structure of narrative text

• Orientation
• Complication
• Resolution

Language features (ciri kebahasaan yang utama):

1. past tense, misalnya We went to the zoo; She was happy; dsb.
2. time connectives dan conjunctions untuk mengurutkan kejadian-kejadian, misalnya then, before that, soon, dsb.
3. adverbs dan adverbial phrases untuk menunjukkan lokasi kejadian atau peristiwa, misalnya here, in the mountain, happily ever after,dsb.
4. action verbs dalam past tense; stayed, climbed, dsb.
5. saying verbs yang menandai ucapan seperti: said, told, promised, dan thinking verbs yang menandai pikiran, persepsi atau perasaan tokoh dalam cerita, misalnya thought, understood, felt, dsb
6. adjectives yang membentuk noun phrase, misalnya, long black hair, two red apples, dsb.
7. nouns tertentu sebagai kata ganti orang, hewan dan benda tertentu dalam cerita, misalnya, stepsisters, housework, dsb.

example:

Queen of Arabia and Three Sheiks

Maura, who like to be thought of as the most beautiful and powerful queen of Arabia, had many suitors. One by one she discarded them, until her list was reduced to just three sheiks. The three sheiks were all equally young and handsome. They were also rich and strong. It was very hard to decide who would be the best of them.

One evening, Maura disguised herself and went to the camp of the three sheiks. As they were about to have dinner, Maura asked them for something to eat. The first gave her some leftover food. The second Sheik gave her some unappetizing camel’s tail. The third sheik, who was called Hakim, offered her some of the most tender and tasty meat. After dinner, the disguised queen left the sheik’s camp.

The following day, the queen invited the three sheiks to dinner at her palace. She ordered her servant to give each one exactly what they had given her the evening before. Hakim, who received a plate of delicious meat, refused to eat it if the other two sheiks could not share it with him.

This Sheik Hakim’s act finally convinced Queen Maura that he was the man for her. “Without question, Hakim is the most generous of you” she announced her choice to the sheiks. “So it is Hakim I will marry”.

sympathy expression

Sympathy expression is an expression or feeling of pity and sorrow when we know or see someone are unlucky, have trouble and in bad condition.

Example of sympathy expression

• That's a pity
• How awful
• I'm sorry to hear that
• Poor you

gaining attention

Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to what we want to

 

Okay I will give you some examples

• Attention please
• May I have your attention, please?
• Excuse me, look here!
• Listening to me, please?

giving instruction

Giving instrucyions is an expression to give ask someone to do something what we want

I will give you some examples for this

• Open your book!
• Take my book there, please
• Close the door, please
• Be quiet, please
• Stand up, please

announcement

"yesterday, I and my friends got announcement that we would got break for two days because all teachers would attended teachers meeting"

that is an announcement what you get in the school and now I want to explain about announcement for you ;)

announcement is Announcement is something said, written, or printed to make known what has happened or (more often) what will happen.

In writing an announcement, keep the following points

• The title/type of event
• Date/time and place  
• contact person